Tuesday, April 27, 2010

Mention the Word "Islam" and People Go Crying in Fear



Censorship [sen-ser-ship] n. that act of deleting a word or passage of text in one's capacity as a censor.


Censorship has existed in its present form, in terms of hiding information and obfuscating facts, for millenia. The Eastern Bloc severely constrained all matters of "news" in the newspaper. Under Nicolae Ceausescu of Romania, weather reports always made the temperatures higher than they were to ensure people went to work every day of the year. The Communist Parties of the present (Re: China, Cuba) not only control the political, but determine what will be revealed to their citizens on the Internet. Iraq's Saddam Hussein had a more violent strategy for dealing with anyone who didn't say what he wanted posted. In Zimbabwe, being a journalist is illegal, and will get you immediately thrown into jail (an effective version of censorship). With the political stance many of these countries establish, it is easily understood how censorship has taken center stage.


Furthermore, its nothing new that religions are involved in the world of censorship either. The Catholic Church made it an inherent part of the early development of the religion. From banning books they find to be against their doctrine to locking up premier scientists of their day (ahem, Galileo) for having scientific thoughts that contradicted church teachings, the Roman Catholics have perfected censorship like a fine art.


But lately, a new form of censorship is creeping up, and its mere presence says something about the global community and fear. In the pre-9/ll world, comedy and political satire were made at the expense of anything worth mocking. Religion was encompassed within that criteria quite readily, and comedians such as Ricky Gervais and Bill Maher had no qualms about bashing it on equal grounds with politics and sex. TV shows have caught on quickly, with The Simpsons and South Park verbally abusing religion as well. You know the religion, it was easily made into a sketch, from Christianity and Judaism to tree spirits of the Native Americans.


The world of Post 9/11 is nigh onto almost a decade, and the perception of religion is changing. Christianity and the former players are still contenders in the world of comedy, but somehow Islam became terrifying to approach. Maybe it's because those following the religion can't appreciate the joke (most are intolerant to if its what they practice anyway), or maybe its because it takes on a more violent streak. Islamic extremism did make an example of the Dutch cartoonist who dared depict Mohammed (an act considered a sin in Islam) by killing him. When Comedy Central's South Park wanted to reveal the humor about the insanity of the Dutch controversy, they were promptly shut down. An American Muslim published a piece online on how Trey Parker and Matt Stone, the creators of South Park, were "likely to have this happen to them" with an image of dismembered Dutch film director Theo Van Gogh, killed for creating a film entitled Submission which criticized the treatment of women in Islam.


It's sad that humor and hypocrisy, rife in almost every other aspect of life, has to be censored because of fear of not only intolerance but a slow painful death. It is quite easy to avoid that which offends you, for example, don't look up pornography if you are against the act. Similarly, if seeing your religious figure depicted as a cartoon character/superhero that shoots out flames offends your sensibilities, don't watch it. By creating a fearful presence around your religion, you are not propagating tolerance and acceptance, you are creating fear and loathing (and not just in Las Vegas kids). Just don't be surprised if the Americans come bombing at your local Muslim country's doorstep soon.


Douthat, Ross. "Not Even in South Park?" New York Times 26 Apr. 2010: A23. Print.

Monday, April 12, 2010

Rebuilding Haiti, Or Why Civil Society Must Exist



As the news streamed in, the world gaped. 230,000 dead. 300,000 injured. 1,000,000 homeless. Government buildings were in ruins. The National Palace had broken in half. Every person in the United Nations building had been crushed to death. All this in a place with no firm economy, educational system, or worst of all, medical institutions. Port-au-Prince was in ruins, and was the only place in the country that could sustain the rest of the country. Citizens sat in fear, poverty, pain, and despair.

In the days following the disaster, relief poured in from all angles. The Dominicans were the first to respond, sending water, food, and heavy-lifting equipment. Soon, their efforts were duplicated by Europeans and Americans (North and South). The amount of supplies and monetary contributions were outstanding, billions being raised in a matter of days. Yet, the essential question remained, why did it take a natural disaster that maimed the country permanently to get global attention  to what is the poorest country in the Western hemisphere?

Much of the reason for these quandaries roots back to Haiti's history. Hispaniola was the small island that Haiti and the Dominican Republic sit upon today. Founded in 1697, the French took the western side of the island and renamed it Saint-Domingue, and made it the most successful island nation in Western Hemisphere. Slave labor was heavily employed, and the island was run "brutally efficient", with 1/3 of new African slaves dying within arriving to the island. Their primary export was sugar and has remained thus until today.

In 1793, with abolition talk running rampant through the Americas and Britain, one slave named Toussaint L'Ouverture decided to take matters into his own hands. Starting the first successful slave rebellion that ended in freedom for the colony now named Haiti, L'Ouverture brought real hopes of freedom to the Haitian people. But their history remained rife with problems. The French put the entire debt of the rebellion on the Haitians. No other countries would acknowledge them as a true country, including the US, until 1915. The people were horribly undereducated, most not knowing how to read or do more than tend the sugar fields.

Life did not improve much after 1915 either. The US occupied Haiti for the next nineteen years, until 1934. Politics remained a power play, with the Duvalier family (Papa and Baby Doc) governing the country in a reign of terror for almost thirty years. In 1990, Haiti held it's first democratic election which culminated in the election of Jean-Bertrand Aristide. His politics leaned towards socialism and the United States did not approve, and funded and succeeded in ousting him from power within two years in office. When Clinton came to office, he was able to get Aristide back in office, but Bush supported getting him out again.

Economic policy was worse. It's GDP per capita is about 790 USD, equaling about $2/day per person. US Free Market Trade Policies undercut Haitian farmers trying to make money selling rice and selling them at either deep discounts in the US or selling heavily subsidized US rice in Haitian markets. Haiti's debt has soared to 1.3 billion dollars and it has recently qualified for external debt cancellation by the World Bank.

Interestingly enough, Haiti also has the most aid organizations coming into its country each year of any country in the Western Hemisphere. One would imagine with all this external help, the country would have been able to come out of its endemic poverty and present with modest gains in its economy, yet improvements are minimal at best. My personal belief is that by external organizations coming into the country, Haitian civil society has little to say about what direction the country goes in. Instead of instilling outside ideas and trying to make them work, organizations should focus on empowering the Haitian people with the skills to fix their country. Once the citizens are vested with a personal obligation to their country, innovation and prosperity are soon to follow. Therefore, as the world tries to figure out a solution to the Haiti problem, the real people who should be trying to find solutions are the Haitian people themselves.

Easier said than done though. Resources are limited, food is scarce, rains are torrential, children are malnourished, healthcare is nonexistent, and homes are gone. So its best to plan in a long-term sense: debt cancellation, aid workers, and focus on health & education as a means of moving forward. So much has gone wrong in Haiti's history that it might be time for things to go in the right direction. But I guess the old adage will hold: time will only tell.


Mukherjee, Dr. Joia. "Promises, Promises - What It Will Take to Rebuild Haiti." Editorial. The Huffington Post. 7 Apr. 2010. Web. 12 Apr. 2010. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dr-joia-mukherjee/promises-promises----what_b_526971.html